Differences between revisions 1 and 34 (spanning 33 versions)

Linux TIPS

Contents

Linux TIPS

How can I dual-boot Windows 10 and Linux

http://askubuntu.com/questions/666631/how-can-i-dual-boot-windows-10-and-ubuntu-on-a-uefi-hp-notebook

https://archives.gentoo.org/gentoo-user/message/a6c3d40e8827f65df098269e01186b59

http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/316602/how-to-properly-dualboot-opensuse-and-windows-10

Enter single usermode

rw init=/bin/bash

Convert audio to text

how to export outlook exchange calendar to my google calendar

http://oregonstate.edu/helpdocs/faq/how-do-i-export-my-outlook-exchange-calendar-my-google-calendar

If you are on Windows PC: Open up your Microsoft Outlook program

If you are on a Mac OS X PC: Go to https://exmail.oregonstate.edu/owa

    Click on Calendar in the lower left corner
    You should see all your calendars in front of you. On the left side of the window, you should see the list of calendars and their names. Under My Calendars, right click the one you wish to add to your Google account.
    After right clicking your chosen calendar, right click, go Share > Publish This Calendar (Publish This Calendar to the Internet)
    A new window will pop up. Select the options for which best suit you. 
    When complete, press Start Publishing in the lower right corner.
    A couple of urls will show up for you to copy. Find the one that ends in .ics and copy that whole url.
    Go to Google Calendar
    When logged in to view your calendar, go find Other Calendars on the left side of the window
    After finding Other Calendars, there should be a box with a triangle in it to the right of the text. Click that box and find "Add by URL".
    A popup will show up. In this popup, you want insert the .ics URL from your Outlook here.
    Press Add Calendar below.

If you would like to stop publishing your calendar and no longer receive updates to your Google Calendar you can follow these directions:

http://oregonstate.edu/helpdocs/e-mail/exchange-outlook-oregonstateedu/publishing-exchange-calendars

show bonding status

watch cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0

mpv about

$ mpv --secondary-sid=2 --sub-file=tlf-jerrymaguire.bd.eng.srt --sub-file=tlf-jerrymaguire.cht.srt Jerry\ Maguire\ 1996\ 1080p\ BluRay\ x264\ AAC\ -\ Ozlem.mp4

Sed & Awk About

Sed delete dos CR/LF line

sed 's/.$//' file > out 
sed 's/\x0D$//' file > out

To remove all whitespace (including tabs) from left to first word

echo "     This is a test" | sed -e 's/^[ \t]*//'
sed  '/\#/d;/^$/d' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

sed replace spaces with single space

sed -e "s/ \+/ /g;/^$/d" < ml.txt  > mll.txt
sed 's/ \{1,\}/ /g'

http://superuser.com/questions/241018/how-to-replace-multiple-spaces-by-one-tab

remove all unwanted blank space then SORT it

sed 's/ /\n/g' < list  | sort

add/replace within <<<&>>>

# & replaces whatever matches with the given REGEXP.
$ sed 's@^.*$@<<<&>>>@g' path.txt
<<</usr/kbos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/jbin/:/usr/bin:/usr/sas/bin>>>
<<</usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/bin/:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/opt/omni/bin:>>>
<<</opt/omni/lbin:/opt/omni/sbin:/root/bin>>>
$ sed 's@/usr/bin@&/local@g' path.txt
/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/bin/:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin/local:/opt/omni/bin:
/opt/omni/lbin:/opt/omni/sbin:/root/bin

Find About

把找到的文件复制到另一个地方

find /mnt/sda7/software_linux/ -name "*.exe" | xargs -i cp {} /home/ftp/incoming/
find /mnt/sda7/software_linux/ -name "*.exe" -exec cp '{}' /home/ftp/ ';'
find cacti-xxxx -type d -exec mkdir -p utf/{} ';'
find cacti-xxxx -type f -exec iconv -f GB2312 -t UTF-8 {} -o utf/{} ';'
find /home/user1 -name '*.txt' | xargs cp -av --target-directory=/home/backup/ --parents

Find out all the jpg images and archive it

find /var/log -name '*.log' | tar cv --files-from=- | bzip2 -9 > log.tar.bz2 
find / -name *.jpg -type f -print | xargs tar -cvzf images.tar.gz

create symbol link from DIR

find /mnt/data/media/* -maxdepth 0 -type d -exec ln -sv '{}' . \;

把目录下的包含大写字母的文件列出来

find /usr/share/ -type f | xargs ls -l | grep '[:upper:]' | less -r
find . -maxdepth 2 -size +100M -exec ls -lh "{}" \;

把目录下所有iso文件找出来并计算总大小(GB)

find /srv/ /mnt/media/ -name "*.iso" | xargs ls -lk | echo `awk '{a+=$5}END {print a}'`/1024/1024 | bc
find /srv/ /mnt/media/ -name "*.iso" | xargs ls -lk | awk '{a+=$5}END {print "Total sum is", a/1024/1024"GB"}'
find /srv/ /mnt/media/ -name "*.iso" -printf "%s\n" 2>/dev/null | awk '{a+=$1}END { print "Total sum is", a/1024/1024/1024"GB\nTotal time is :"}'

== Find files out then Copy files with sequence number ===

find . -name "*tgz" -type f -exec ls -Sr '{}' \; |awk '{system("cp -v "$0" "NR)}'

查找20100401时更改过的文件

cat >> 20100401.sh <<"EOF"
FILE=`find ./ -name "*.tex"`
ls -l --full-time $FILE 2>/dev/null
grep "2010-04-01"
EOF

Niubility Tool Netcat

Transfer file(s)

Suppose you want to send files in /data from computer A with IP 192.168.2.111 to computer B(with any IP), It's as simple as this:

server: $ tar -cf - /data | nc -l -p 6666
client: $ nc 192.168.2.111 6666 | tar -xf -

A single file can be sent even easier.

server: $ cat file | nc -l -p 6666
client: $ nc 192.168.2.111 6666 > file

And you may copy and restore whole disk with nc:

server: $ cat /dev/sda | nc -l -p 6666
cliend: $ nc 192.168.2.111 6666 > /dev/sda

As Port Scanner

nc -vv -z 127.0.0.1 8079-8081

history how to use

$ history | grep 'ipt'
2    iptables -L -n -v -t nat

$ !2 # will execute the iptables command * MarkS, yes I know a way to make history contain only uniques. Do the following:

export HISTIGNORE="&"
That will make history not to save duplicate consecutive entries!

some keycodes err will resolve

Added new keycodes for sk2506 HP multimedia 23-key keyboard

setkeycodes e016 235
setkeycodes e01e 158
setkeycodes e012 146
setkeycodes e014 148
setkeycodes e015 149
setkeycodes e02d 173
setkeycodes e018 236
setkeycodes e026 238
setkeycodes e017 227
setkeycodes e01f 159
setkeycodes e025 239
setkeycodes e023 237

For my HASEE-F4200

atkbd.c: Unknown key released (translated set 2, code 0xd8 on isa0060/serio0).
atkbd.c: Use 'setkeycodes e058 <keycode>' to make it known.
getkeycodes will show you codes!

then

setkeycodes e058 125

Safe Copying

if [ -f $2 ]
then
        echo "$2 is exists. Do you want to overwrite it? (y/n)"
        read yn
        if [ $yn = "N" || $yn = "n" ]
        then
                exit 0
        fi
fi
cp $1 $2

SMB About

mount.cifs //nas.systec.com.cn/Share /mnt/zip/ -o user=cml,domain=systec.com.cn

smbmount //192.168.2.51/D memory/ -o iocharset=cp936,user=xxxx,pass= --verbose
smbclient -U user -I 192.168.16.229 -L //smbshare/    # List the shares
mount -t smbfs -o username=winuser //smbserver/myshare /mnt/smbshare
mount -t cifs -o username=winuser,password=winpwd //192.168.16.229/myshare /mnt/share
sudo mount -t cifs -o username=${USER},password=${PASSWORD},uid=<user>,gid=<group> //server-address/folder /mount/path/on/ubuntu
[[http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/68079/mount-cifs-network-drive-write-permissions-and-chown]]

ss AND netstat && route && ip

This program is obsolete. Replacement for netstat is ss. Replacement for netstat -r is ip route. Replacement for netstat -i is ip -s link.Replacement for netstat -g is ip maddr.

ss -r
ip -s
ip maddr
netstat -lptu
netstat -antup

Add route gateway

route add a.b.c.d dev wlan0
ifconfig eth0 128.100.75.111 broadcast 128.100.75.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
route add -net 128.100.75.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
route add default gw 10.7.84.1 dev wlan0

hdparm

hdparm -a 256 -d 1 -r 0 -u 0 -m 2 -c 1 -A 1 -K 0 -P 0 -X 0 -W 0 -S 0 /dev/sda

will enable DMA ,32bit support, Sector count for multiple sector I/O to 2

If your swapdisk is less than a 1GB, then

dd if=/dev/zero of=/directory/with/much/free/space/tempswap bs=1k count=1000000
chmod 600 tempswap
mke2fs tempswap
mkswap tempswap
swapon tempswap

Writing the actual CD

List content of ISO file

isoinfo -f -R -i cflinux-1.0.iso

Assuming that you've got cdrecord installed and configured for your cd-writer

type:

cdrecord --scanbus
cdrecord -v speed=<desired writing speed> dev=<path to your writers generic scsi device> boot.iso

Sort about

Generate a tags file in case-insensitive sorted order.

find src -type f -print0 | sort -z -f | xargs -0 etags --append

Shuffle a list of directories, but preserve the order of files within each directory. For instance, one could use this to generate a music playlist in which albums are shuffled but the songs of each album are played in order.

ls */*.mp3 | sort -t / -k 1,1R -k 2,2
sort -n -k 2 -t : facebook.txt
sort: ls -l | sort -nr +4
cut: cut -f1 -d':' < /etc/passwd

Shuf about

shuf <<EOF
x
xx
xxx
EOF
shuf -i 1-100
shuf -e clubs hearts diamonds spades

Paste about

For example

     $ cat num2
     1
     2
     $ cat let3
     a
     b
     c
     $ paste num2 let3
     1       a
     2       b
             c
$ paste -d '%_' num2 let3 num2
          1%a_1
          2%b_2
          %c_

Join about

For example:

     $ cat file1
     a a1
     c c1
     b b1
     $ cat file2
     a a2
     c c2
     b b2
     $ join file1 file2
     a a1 a2
     c c1 c2
     b b1 b2

urxvt run console application

urxvt -e bash -c geany_run_script.sh
urxvt -hold -e bash -c "./application"

https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=63516

Wireless reject due to mismatch with WPA/WPA2

Convert png/jpeg to movie(mpeg,mpg,avi,gif)

convert -delay 10 -loop 0 *.png animation.gif

Rename about

Upper to Lower Case

rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' *.HTML

降低屏幕蓝光的小工具

redshift

app-crypt/letsencrypt

Let's Encrypt 是一个新的数字证书认证机构，它通过自动化的过程消除创建和安装证书的复杂性，为网站提供免费的 SSL/TLS 证书。

celestia

实时太空模拟

ssh about

Unable to negotiate with 192.168.0.195: no matching key exchange method found. Their offer: diffie-hellman-group1-sha1

ssh -oKexAlgorithms=+diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 root@192.168.0.195

Serial Monitor

socat /dev/ttyS0,raw,echo=0 SYSTEM:'tee input.txt | socat - "PTY,link=/tmp/ttyV0,raw,echo=0,waitslave" | tee output.txt'

screen /dev/tty.usbserial-blahblah 9600

ALSA always on mute after startup

Disabling the module "module-device-restore" in /etc/pulse/default.pa solves the "mute" problem.

tcpdump how to

https://forum.ivorde.com/tcpdump-how-to-to-capture-only-icmp-ping-echo-requests-t15191.html

https://danielmiessler.com/study/tcpdump/

Reset Your Forgotten Linux Password in 2 Minutes or Less

Grub OR LILO + rw init=/bin/bash

parted

How to align partitions for best performance using parted

parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 0% 100%
parted /dev/sdb print

References

http://www.tecmint.com/free-online-linux-learning-guide-for-beginners/

http://rainbow.chard.org/2013/01/30/how-to-align-partitions-for-best-performance-using-parted

-  ⇤ ← Revision 1 as of 2015-04-19 13:37:47 → 
  Size: 510
  Editor: merlyn
  Comment:
+   ← Revision 34 as of 2017-04-01 09:05:37 → ⇥
  Size: 11887
  Editor: localhost
  Comment:
-Deletions are marked like this.
+Additions are marked like this.
 Line 7:
+== How can I dual-boot Windows 10 and Linux ==
http://askubuntu.com/questions/666631/how-can-i-dual-boot-windows-10-and-ubuntu-on-a-uefi-hp-notebook

https://archives.gentoo.org/gentoo-user/message/a6c3d40e8827f65df098269e01186b59

http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/316602/how-to-properly-dualboot-opensuse-and-windows-10


== Enter single usermode ==
rw init=/bin/bash

== Convert audio to text ==

==  how to export outlook exchange calendar to my google calendar ==
http://oregonstate.edu/helpdocs/faq/how-do-i-export-my-outlook-exchange-calendar-my-google-calendar
{{{
If you are on Windows PC: Open up your Microsoft Outlook program

If you are on a Mac OS X PC: Go to https://exmail.oregonstate.edu/owa

    Click on Calendar in the lower left corner
    You should see all your calendars in front of you. On the left side of the window, you should see the list of calendars and their names. Under My Calendars, right click the one you wish to add to your Google account.
    After right clicking your chosen calendar, right click, go Share > Publish This Calendar (Publish This Calendar to the Internet)
    A new window will pop up. Select the options for which best suit you. 
    When complete, press Start Publishing in the lower right corner.
    A couple of urls will show up for you to copy. Find the one that ends in .ics and copy that whole url.
    Go to Google Calendar
    When logged in to view your calendar, go find Other Calendars on the left side of the window
    After finding Other Calendars, there should be a box with a triangle in it to the right of the text. Click that box and find "Add by URL".
    A popup will show up. In this popup, you want insert the .ics URL from your Outlook here.
    Press Add Calendar below.

If you would like to stop publishing your calendar and no longer receive updates to your Google Calendar you can follow these directions:

http://oregonstate.edu/helpdocs/e-mail/exchange-outlook-oregonstateedu/publishing-exchange-calendars
}}}

== show bonding status ==
watch cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0

== mpv about ==
$ mpv --secondary-sid=2 --sub-file=tlf-jerrymaguire.bd.eng.srt --sub-file=tlf-jerrymaguire.cht.srt Jerry\ Maguire\ 1996\ 1080p\ BluRay\ x264\ AAC\ -\ Ozlem.mp4
-Line 8:
+Line 51:
+=== Sed delete dos CR/LF line ===
{{{
sed 's/.$//' file > out 
sed 's/\x0D$//' file > out
}}}
-Line 12:
+Line 60:
-}}}

=== To remove all blank and start with "#" line ===
{{{
-Line 22:
+Line 66:
-sed 's/ \{1,\}/ /g' < input.txt > output.txt
}}}
+sed 's/ \{1,\}/ /g' 
}}}
[[http://superuser.com/questions/241018/how-to-replace-multiple-spaces-by-one-tab]]

=== remove all unwanted blank space then SORT it ===
{{{
sed 's/ /\n/g' < list  | sort
}}}

=== add/replace within <<<&>>> ===
{{{
# & replaces whatever matches with the given REGEXP.
$ sed 's@^.*$@<<<&>>>@g' path.txt
<<</usr/kbos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/jbin/:/usr/bin:/usr/sas/bin>>>
<<</usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/bin/:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/opt/omni/bin:>>>
<<</opt/omni/lbin:/opt/omni/sbin:/root/bin>>>
$ sed 's@/usr/bin@&/local@g' path.txt
/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/bin/:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin/local:/opt/omni/bin:
/opt/omni/lbin:/opt/omni/sbin:/root/bin
}}}

== Find About ==
=== 把找到的文件复制到另一个地方 ===
{{{
find /mnt/sda7/software_linux/ -name "*.exe" | xargs -i cp {} /home/ftp/incoming/
find /mnt/sda7/software_linux/ -name "*.exe" -exec cp '{}' /home/ftp/ ';'
find cacti-xxxx -type d -exec mkdir -p utf/{} ';'
find cacti-xxxx -type f -exec iconv -f GB2312 -t UTF-8 {} -o utf/{} ';'
find /home/user1 -name '*.txt' | xargs cp -av --target-directory=/home/backup/ --parents 
}}}

=== Find out all the jpg images and archive it ===
{{{
find /var/log -name '*.log' | tar cv --files-from=- | bzip2 -9 > log.tar.bz2 
find / -name *.jpg -type f -print | xargs tar -cvzf images.tar.gz
}}}

=== create symbol link from DIR ===
{{{
find /mnt/data/media/* -maxdepth 0 -type d -exec ln -sv '{}' . \;
}}}

=== 把目录下的包含大写字母的文件列出来 ===
{{{
find /usr/share/ -type f | xargs ls -l | grep '[:upper:]' | less -r
find . -maxdepth 2 -size +100M -exec ls -lh "{}" \;
}}}

=== 把目录下所有iso文件找出来并计算总大小(GB) ===
{{{
find /srv/ /mnt/media/ -name "*.iso" | xargs ls -lk | echo `awk '{a+=$5}END {print a}'`/1024/1024 | bc
find /srv/ /mnt/media/ -name "*.iso" | xargs ls -lk | awk '{a+=$5}END {print "Total sum is", a/1024/1024"GB"}'
find /srv/ /mnt/media/ -name "*.iso" -printf "%s\n" 2>/dev/null | awk '{a+=$1}END { print "Total sum is", a/1024/1024/1024"GB\nTotal time is :"}'
}}}

== Find files out then Copy files with sequence number ===
{{{
find . -name "*tgz" -type f -exec ls -Sr '{}' \; |awk '{system("cp -v "$0" "NR)}'
}}}

=== 查找20100401时更改过的文件 ===
{{{
cat >> 20100401.sh <<"EOF"
FILE=`find ./ -name "*.tex"`
ls -l --full-time $FILE 2>/dev/null
grep "2010-04-01"
EOF
}}}

== Niubility Tool Netcat ==
=== Transfer file(s) ===
 * Suppose you want to send files in /data from computer A with IP 192.168.2.111 to computer B(with any IP), It's as simple as this:
{{{
server: $ tar -cf - /data | nc -l -p 6666
client: $ nc 192.168.2.111 6666 | tar -xf -
}}}
 * A single file can be sent even easier.
{{{
server: $ cat file | nc -l -p 6666
client: $ nc 192.168.2.111 6666 > file
}}}
 * And you may copy and restore whole disk with nc:
{{{
server: $ cat /dev/sda | nc -l -p 6666
cliend: $ nc 192.168.2.111 6666 > /dev/sda
}}}

=== As Port Scanner ===
nc -vv -z 127.0.0.1 8079-8081

== history how to use ==
{{{
$ history | grep 'ipt'
2    iptables -L -n -v -t nat
}}}
$ !2     # will execute the iptables command
* MarkS, yes I know a way to make history contain only uniques. Do the following:
{{{
export HISTIGNORE="&"
That will make history not to save duplicate consecutive entries!
}}}

== some keycodes err will resolve ==
 * Added new keycodes for sk2506 HP multimedia 23-key keyboard
{{{
setkeycodes e016 235
setkeycodes e01e 158
setkeycodes e012 146
setkeycodes e014 148
setkeycodes e015 149
setkeycodes e02d 173
setkeycodes e018 236
setkeycodes e026 238
setkeycodes e017 227
setkeycodes e01f 159
setkeycodes e025 239
setkeycodes e023 237
}}}
=== For my HASEE-F4200  ===
{{{
atkbd.c: Unknown key released (translated set 2, code 0xd8 on isa0060/serio0).
atkbd.c: Use 'setkeycodes e058 <keycode>' to make it known.
getkeycodes will show you codes!
}}}
then
{{{
setkeycodes e058 125
}}}

== Safe Copying ==
{{{
#!/bin/bash
if [ -f $2 ]
then
 echo "$2 is exists. Do you want to overwrite it? (y/n)"
 read yn
 if [ $yn = "N" || $yn = "n" ]
 then
  exit 0
 fi
fi
cp $1 $2
}}}

== SMB About ==
{{{
mount.cifs //nas.systec.com.cn/Share /mnt/zip/ -o user=cml,domain=systec.com.cn

smbmount //192.168.2.51/D memory/ -o iocharset=cp936,user=xxxx,pass= --verbose
smbclient -U user -I 192.168.16.229 -L //smbshare/    # List the shares
mount -t smbfs -o username=winuser //smbserver/myshare /mnt/smbshare
mount -t cifs -o username=winuser,password=winpwd //192.168.16.229/myshare /mnt/share
sudo mount -t cifs -o username=${USER},password=${PASSWORD},uid=<user>,gid=<group> //server-address/folder /mount/path/on/ubuntu
[[http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/68079/mount-cifs-network-drive-write-permissions-and-chown]]
}}}


== ss AND netstat && route && ip ==
 * This program is obsolete.  Replacement for netstat is ss.  Replacement for netstat -r is ip route.  Replacement  for  netstat  -i  is  ip  -s  link.Replacement for netstat -g is ip maddr.
{{{
ss -r
ip -s
ip maddr
netstat -lptu
netstat -antup
}}}

=== Add route gateway ===
{{{
route add a.b.c.d dev wlan0
ifconfig eth0 128.100.75.111 broadcast 128.100.75.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
route add -net 128.100.75.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
route add default gw 10.7.84.1 dev wlan0
}}}


== hdparm ==
{{{
hdparm -a 256 -d 1 -r 0 -u 0 -m 2 -c 1 -A 1 -K 0 -P 0 -X 0 -W 0 -S 0 /dev/sda 
}}}
will enable DMA ,32bit support, Sector count for multiple sector I/O to 2

==  If your swapdisk is less than a 1GB, then ==
{{{
dd if=/dev/zero of=/directory/with/much/free/space/tempswap bs=1k count=1000000
chmod 600 tempswap
mke2fs tempswap
mkswap tempswap
swapon tempswap
}}}



== Writing the actual CD ==

=== List content of ISO file ===
isoinfo -f -R -i cflinux-1.0.iso


 * Assuming that you've got cdrecord installed and configured for your cd-writer
type:
{{{
cdrecord --scanbus
cdrecord -v speed=<desired writing speed> dev=<path to your writers generic scsi device> boot.iso
}}}


== Sort about ==
 * Generate a tags file in case-insensitive sorted order.
{{{
find src -type f -print0 | sort -z -f | xargs -0 etags --append
}}}

Shuffle a list of directories, but preserve the order of files
within each directory.  For instance, one could use this to
generate a music playlist in which albums are shuffled but the
songs of each album are played in order.
{{{
ls */*.mp3 | sort -t / -k 1,1R -k 2,2
sort -n -k 2 -t : facebook.txt
sort: ls -l | sort -nr +4
cut: cut -f1 -d':' < /etc/passwd	
}}}

== Shuf about ==
{{{
shuf <<EOF
x
xx
xxx
EOF
shuf -i 1-100
shuf -e clubs hearts diamonds spades
}}}

== Paste about ==

 * For example
{{{
     $ cat num2
     1
     2
     $ cat let3
     a
     b
     c
     $ paste num2 let3
     1       a
     2       b
             c
$ paste -d '%_' num2 let3 num2
          1%a_1
          2%b_2
          %c_
}}}

== Join about ==
 * For example:
{{{

     $ cat file1
     a a1
     c c1
     b b1
     $ cat file2
     a a2
     c c2
     b b2
     $ join file1 file2
     a a1 a2
     c c1 c2
     b b1 b2
}}}

== urxvt run console application ==
{{{
urxvt -e bash -c geany_run_script.sh
urxvt -hold -e bash -c "./application"
}}}
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=63516

== Wireless reject due to mismatch with WPA/WPA2 ==

== Convert png/jpeg to movie(mpeg,mpg,avi,gif) ==

convert -delay 10 -loop 0 *.png animation.gif

== Rename about ==
=== Upper to Lower Case ===
rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' *.HTML

== 降低屏幕蓝光的小工具 ==
redshift

== app-crypt/letsencrypt ==
Let's Encrypt 是一个新的数字证书认证机构，它通过自动化的过程消除创建和安装证书的复杂性，为网站提供免费的 SSL/TLS 证书。

== celestia ==
实时太空模拟

== ssh about ==
 * Unable to negotiate with 192.168.0.195: no matching key exchange method found. Their offer: diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 
ssh -oKexAlgorithms=+diffie-hellman-group1-sha1   root@192.168.0.195

== Serial Monitor ==
socat /dev/ttyS0,raw,echo=0 SYSTEM:'tee input.txt | socat - "PTY,link=/tmp/ttyV0,raw,echo=0,waitslave" | tee output.txt'

screen /dev/tty.usbserial-blahblah 9600

== ALSA always on mute after startup ==
Disabling the module "module-device-restore" in /etc/pulse/default.pa solves the "mute" problem.

== tcpdump how to ==
https://forum.ivorde.com/tcpdump-how-to-to-capture-only-icmp-ping-echo-requests-t15191.html

https://danielmiessler.com/study/tcpdump/

== Reset Your Forgotten Linux Password in 2 Minutes or Less ==
Grub OR LILO +  rw init=/bin/bash

== parted ==
How to align partitions for best performance using parted
{{{
parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 0% 100%
parted /dev/sdb print
}}}




== References ==
http://www.tecmint.com/free-online-linux-learning-guide-for-beginners/

http://rainbow.chard.org/2013/01/30/how-to-align-partitions-for-best-performance-using-parted

Diff for "désert/Linux"